Because I have a background in guitar and bass .... it is easier for me to hear chords AFTER I find the right bass note. It will almost always be the root of the chord, and your ear will get used to the sound of major vs. minor chords after a while.
Try this simple routine with a I - IV - V7 chord song, like say ..... "La Bamba".
Just play the full chord with the right hand on every quarter note, changing every two beats. In the left hand .... play the root note of the chord on each quarter note. This will be the basic rhythm section. Add drums and you can sing over top of it with ease.

As an acompanist ... be aware that the melody (either sung or played on an instrument)ALWAYS has priority over rhythm or harmony. Use fill ins and "fluff" in between the vocal phrases, NOT over top of them. Avoid playing the same melody notes in your chords, and NEVER, NEVER ...... sacrifice vocal comfort for "original" keys to songs. The "right" key is the one that you can SING in. Forget about where it was written, or that it may be tough for a guitarist to finger certain chords ..... it has to be right for the singer FIRST ... everything else follows.

I love singing, and I love playing, but when the two are combined ..... all the rules change, and the vocal is king. ALWAYS.
Arrange your accompaninet around the melody to enhance it, and make it stand out more. Give it plenty of room for expression, and try not to double the melody with an instrument.

An old rule that applies well to this instance is one that business people have used for years.
KISS
(keep it simple, stupid)

Play for the laymen, and the music will speak for itself.